Oracle Database 18c XE and Transparent Data Encryption

TDE Setup

The process is slightly different than 12c.

Create pfile

create pfile from spfile;
shutdown immediate;

Add this to /opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhomeXE/dbs/initXE.ora

*.wallet_root=/opt/encrypted_wallet

Create spfile from pfile with WALLET_ROOT

create spfile from pfile;
startup;

Configure the Software Keystore Type

ALTER SYSTEM SET TDE_CONFIGURATION="KEYSTORE_CONFIGURATION=FILE" scope=both;
shutdown immediate;
startup;

Setup auto-login Wallet

ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE '/opt/encrypted_wallet/tde/' IDENTIFIED BY "wve6Wq54IUhg39XY";
ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE AUTO_LOGIN KEYSTORE FROM KEYSTORE '/opt/encrypted_wallet/tde/' IDENTIFIED BY "wve6Wq54IUhg39XY";

Create the master key in all containers

ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "wve6Wq54IUhg39XY" CONTAINER=ALL;
ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "wve6Wq54IUhg39XY" WITH BACKUP CONTAINER=ALL;

Checkout Setting

select * FROM V_$ENCRYPTION_WALLET;
select * FROM V_$ENCRYPTION_KEYS;
SELECT * FROM v$rman_encryption_algorithms ORDER BY algorithm_name;

Migrate existing tablespaces to encrypted tablespace

ALTER TABLESPACE users OFFLINE NORMAL;
ALTER TABLESPACE users ENCRYPTION OFFLINE ENCRYPT;
ALTER TABLESPACE users ONLINE;

Checkout tablespace encryption setting

select * from V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES;

Setting Future Tablespaces to be Encrypted

ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPT_NEW_TABLESPACES = ALWAYS;

RMAN Encrypted Backup

RMAN Configuration

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE ON;
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES256';

RCV file

show all;
set encryption on;
crosscheck backupset;
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete noprompt expired backupset;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
delete noprompt obsolete;
run {  
allocate channel d1 type disk;
allocate channel d2 type disk;
allocate channel d3 type disk;
allocate channel d4 type disk;
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
release channel d1;
release channel d2;
release channel d3;
release channel d4;
}
delete noprompt expired backupset;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
delete noprompt obsolete;
list backupset;
exit

Datapump Encrypted Backup

Add these options to expdp

ENCRYPTION=ALL
ENCRYPTION_MODE=TRANSPARENT 
ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM=AES256

Oracle Database 18c Express Edition (XE) RPM Installation On Amazon Oracle Linux 7 (OL7)

Create 3GB Linux swap

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=1048576
# mkswap /swapfile
# swapon /swapfile
# chmod 600 /swapfile
# swapon -s

Add Linux swap to /etc/fstab

/swapfile  none  swap  sw 0  0

Oracle database will be installed under /opt. So, make sure you have enough room under /opt

# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-xe-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
# /etc/init.d/oracle-xe-18c configure

Test Database under non-root account

$ . oraenv
$ sqlplus sys/xxxxxx@//localhost:1521/XE as sysdba
$ sqlplus sys/xxxxxx@//localhost:1521/XEPDB1 as sysdba

Fix iptables
Allow port 80, 443 and 1521

# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT
# iptables -t eth0 -I PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080
# iptables -t eth0 -I OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8080
# iptables -t eth0 -I PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8443
# iptables -t eth0 -I OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 8443
# service iptables save

Configure Oracle to startup on boot

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl enable oracle-xe-18c
# reboot

Oracle user environment setup .bash_profile

export ORAENV_ASK=NO
export ORACLE_SID=XE
. oraenv

sqlplus / as sysdba